Migration as a test of the happiness set-point hypothesis: Evidence from immigration to Canada and the United Kingdom

Strong versions of the set-point hypothesis argue that subjective well-being measures reflect primarily each individual's own personality and that deviations are temporary. International migration provides an excellent test, since life circumstances and subjective well-being differ greatly among countries. With or without adjustments for selection effects, the levels and distributions of immigrant life-satisfaction scores for immigrants to the United Kingdom and Canada from up to 100 source countries mimic those in their destination countries, and even the destination regions within those countries, rather than those in their source countries, showing that subjective life evaluations are substantially driven by life circumstances and respond when those circumstances change.