2010年中国石油进出口状况分析

2010年,包括原油、成品油、液化石油气（LPG）和其他石油产品在内的中国石油净进口量跃升16.2%,达到创纪录的25367万吨,石油进口依存度约为60%,其中原油净进口量为23627万吨,占石油总净进口量的比例由上年的91%升至93%。成品油需求旺盛和新增炼油能力投产使中国原油加工量增加5000万吨,至4.2亿吨,其中56%为进口原油。2010年第四季度中国为应对柴油需求骤增而大量进口,但全年柴油净出口量仍达到287万吨的历史高点。汽油净出口量升至517万吨的5年来最高水平。新增乙烯装置投产使国内石脑油净进口量增至204万吨,增幅为13.6%。燃料油净进口在2009年增加之后,2010年下降至1312万吨。液化石油气进口因价格高涨和国内供应增多而萎缩21.9%,至319.62万吨。预计2011年中国经济增速可能减弱至9.5%,油品需求增长也将略低于2010年;国内油品市场供需大致平衡,油品出口量可能少于上年,原油进口量将继续上升。

China's 2010 oil imports and exports

China’s net oil imports-including crude oil,refined products,LPG,etc.-rose by 16.2% to a record 253.67 million tons in 2010.Oil import dependency is now around 60%,and crude oil accounted for 93% of China’s total net oil imports,up from 91% in 2009.Stimulated by robust oil product demand and start-up of new refining capacity, China’s crude runs increased 50 million tons to 420 million tons,with imported crude accounting for 56%.Up to 650,000 tons of diesel fuel was imported in the fourth quarter of last year in response to the surge in demand for diesel,but annual net export volume of diesel still reached a record high of 2.87 million tons.Net gasoline exports rose to 5.17 million tons,the highest in five years. Expanded ethylene capacity and surging demand for petrochemicals helped boost net naphtha imports to 2.04 million tons,up by 13.6%in 2010.Net fuel oil imports declined to 13.12 million tons,after a rise in 2009.Higher international prices and soaring domestic refinery output dampened Chinese LPG imports,resulting in a 21.9% decline from a year earlier,to 3.20 million tons.China’ s GDP growth is expected to slow to around 9.5%in 2011, and the growth in oil product demand should also weaken. Domestic product markets are relatively balanced this year,after supplies tightened in late 2010.But refined product exports should still be lower than last year,and crude imports should continue to rise.