论中国农村全面转型

当前,中国农村发展进入了全面转型的新阶段。虽然中国农村全面转型具备了条件,但也面临一些阶段性挑战,突出表现在高成本严重损害农业竞争力、农业机械化亟待转型升级、“谁来种地”难题尚未破解、农业适度规模经营任重道远、农民增收的压力不断增加、农村资源资产浪费严重、农村生态环境亟待改善、乡村治理模式仍需创新八个方面。而且,现有的一些思想认识、体制机制、法律法规和政策,也阻碍了农村全面转型,束缚了农村发展。促进农村全面转型发展,需要以综合配套、整体推进的方式深化农村改革,并着力提高农村资源资产的流动性,系统开展农村集体产权制度改革,加快构建新型农业经营体系,深入推进农业供给侧结构性改革,不断完善农业支持保护政策。

Discussion on Comprehensive Transformation of Chinese Rural Development: Challenges and Solution

Presently,China is on the threshold of comprehensive transformation in rural areas. While China's rural development is well prepared for this transformation,it is accompanied by eight periodical challenges: (1) agricultural competitiveness is seriously impaired by a high production cost; (2) agricultural mechanization is in urgent need of transformation and upgrading; (3) the problem of “Who will cultivate the land” remains to be solved; (4) large scale farming operations face great challenges; (5) farmers' income growth becomes increasingly difficult; (6) rural resources and assets are wasted seriously; (7) the need for improvement for rural ecological environment is pressing; (8) new forms of rural governance need to be investigated and exploredFurthermore,there are some factors from the perspectives of the ideological understanding,system and mechanisms,and laws and policies impeding the rural comprehensive transformation and restricting its vitalityTherefore,in order to stimulate new engine for rural development and promote rural overall prosperity,a comprehensive and integral innovation strategy become necessary,which includes five main aspects such as increasing rural resource asset fluidity,undertaking a comprehensive reform of rural collective property right system,accelerating the establishment of new agricultural management system,advancing the supply side structural reform in agriculture and improving agricultural support and protection policies.