全球创新网络视角下上海科创中心建设研究

创新资源全球性流动在提升城市创新能力的同时，也拉大了不同城市间的创新差距。以美国专利商标局中专利权人所在城市为上海但专利发明者位于境外的专利为样本，分析上海吸收和转化全球知识的空间格局与作用机理。研究发现，外资跨国公司在上海建立区域总部或区域研发中心，为上海输入全球知识，但本地企业因技术能力不足和企业规模不大，影响有限。基于此，提出上海应通过鼓励外资企业在沪持续投入研发，引导在沪民企进行海外技术并购，建立多样离岸创业创新平台等建议，以助力上海成长为全球卓越创新中心。

The Construction of Shanghai Global Innovation Center Based on Global Innovation Networks 

The flow of global innovation resources accelerates global innovation disparities, which provides opportunity for later comer cities to promote the innovation capacities. This paper analyzes the spatial patterns and mechanism of global knowledge absorption of Shanghai, based on the analysis on patents extracting from United States Patent and Trademark Office. The patents' assignee city is Shanghai while more than one inventors of the patents are located outside of Mainland China. The results reveal that foreign multinational companies are the main actors to import global knowledge to Shanghai via their regional headquarters or regional R&D in Shanghai. Local returnee entrepreneur and state owned enterprises are less important due to their limited ability to manage global innovation resources. Therefore, we propose three suggestions to help Shanghai promote its role in global innovation networks and so to become global innovation center:firstly, innovation institutions and environment should be improved to encourage foreign R&D centers realize the technology commercialization locally; secondly, technology driven cross border M&As of private firms should be encouraged; finally, more offshore innovation platforms are needed to provide strong support for Shanghai to become a global center of excellence.