熟人社会:村庄社会资本水平及其差异

熟人社会在近年来乡村研究领域被广泛用以概括村庄面貌和特征。本研究借鉴社区社会资本理论与方法,基于2016年中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据,从信任互助、和谐程度、村庄归属、人情往来与组织网络5个维度,构建指标体系对样本中198个村庄熟人社会的特征进行实证分析。分析结果显示:频繁的人情往来是当前村庄熟人社会的显著标志,而组织网络是衡量现代型村庄社会资本的关键指标。大多数村庄属于以人情为主要联结、社会资本总量偏低的过渡型熟人社会。样本村庄的社会资本在信任互助、人情往来以及村庄归属等维度显现出明显的下降趋势,这种差异和分化可以从村庄非农化、人口规模与劳动力流动等因素得到解释。

Acquaintance Society: The Level and Differences of Village Social Capital

The concept of acquaintance society has been widely used in rural research to summarize the appearance and characteristics of the village.According to the theory and method of community social capital,this paper builds an indicator systemfrom the five dimensions of trust and mutual assistance,harmony degree,village ownership,human contact and organizational network,based on the data of China Labor-force Dynamics Survey(CLDS) in 2016,toanalyze the characteristics of acquaintance societyin 198 villages.The analysis results show that frequent human contact is the obvious sign of current acquaintance society.The organizational network is the measure index of modern social capital in village.Most of the villages belong to the traditional acquaintance society,which is still dominated by human contact with low level of social capital.The social capital of the sample villages shows a clear downward trend in the dimensions of trust and mutual assistance,human contact and village ownership.The differentiation can be explained by somefactors such as village non-agriculturalization,population size and labor mobility.