农地市场化流转与农民多维权益实现困局——来自河南省孟楼镇的观察

基于中部省份孟楼镇的相关农户调查数据,本文对农地市场化流转中农民群体多维权益实现困局及其成因进行了讨论。结果表明:农地为农民群体所提供的就业功能在其流转后被逐步剥离,本地就业机会的缺失以及异地非农就业的"技能门槛",构成了这一群体就业权益实现的重要约束。农地作为乡村文化的有形载体在其流转后趋于弱化,外出务工者带回的"城市文化"与传统乡村文化的冲突引致了农民群体价值取向的重构,构成了农地流转中这一群体文化权益相对缺失的重要原因。农地市场化流转制度不完善导致流转收益分配合理性的相对不足,以及基层政府以"经济权益"实现为主的农地流转工作理念与农民非经济权益意识觉醒之间的冲突则进一步恶化了农民群体多维权益实现的困局。

The Market-oriented Circulation of Farmland and the dilemma of realizing the Multi-dimensional Rights and interests of Farmers:An observation from Menglou Town of the Central Province in China

Based on the survey data of peasant households in Menglou town of central province,this paper discusses the dilemma and the causes of realizing multi-dimensional rights and interests of farmers in the market-oriented transfer of farmland.The results show that in the transfer of agricultural land in Menglou town,the gradual stripping of the employment function provided by the farmland for the peasants after the transfer of farmland,the lack of local employment opportunities and the"skill threshold"of non-farm employment in other places constitute the important constraints on the realization of the employment rights and interests of this group.The weakening of farmland as the tangible carrier of rural culture after its circulation,the conflict between"urban culture"brought back by migrant workers and traditional rural culture and the value orientation reconstruction of peasant group constitute the important reason for the relative absence of farmers’cultural rights and interests in the agricultural land transfer.The relative shortage of the rationality of income distribution in rural land transfer,and the conflict between the local government’s concept of rural land transfer based on the realization of"economic rights and interests",and the awakening of farmers’awareness of non-economic rights and interests,further aggravate the plight of realizing farmers’multi-dimensional rights and interests.