新型农村社会养老保险政策效果的研究综述

新型农村社会养老保险的成效是决策层和学界颇为重视,并持续关注的问题。本文从理论机制与实证研究两个角度系统梳理关于新农保政策效果评估的主要文献,并对既往文献出现分歧的可能原因进行讨论。研究发现,新农保不仅对农村家庭的收入、贫困、消费、储蓄等经济福利产生影响,还将对农村居民的劳动供给、健康状况与主观福利产生作用。此外,新农保还在养老模式、性别偏好、儿童照料与健康,以及居民政治信任等方面发挥着溢出效应。既往文献在不同研究主题上存在不同程度的结果分歧,可能的原因包括研究时期、研究对象与内容、研究数据与方法等方面的差异。最后,新农保与农民增收渠道、农村人力资本积累、城乡差距的关系,以及新时期的政策优化设计等问题仍有待进一步深入探究。

A Literature Review of Research on the Effect of New Rural Pension Scheme

This paper systematically reviews the main literature on the evaluation of the effect of the New Rural Pension Scheme(NRPS)from perspectives of theoretical model and empirical research,and investigatesthe possible reasons for the divergence of existing studies.We findthat the NRPS not only has an impact on the income,poverty,consumption,savings and other economic benefits of rural households,but also affects labor supply,health status and subjective welfare of rural residents.In addition,the NRPS also has spillover effects on gender preference,child care and health,and residents’ political trust.The previous literature has different results on different research topics,and the possible reasons include the differences in research period,research object and content,research data and methods,among others.It is of great importance to further study the relationship between NRPS and channels of farmers’ increased income,rural human capital accumulation and urban-rural disparity,as well as theissues regarding optimum design of the NRPS policy in the future.