新中国70年产业扶贫政策:演变路径、经验教训及前景展望

产业扶贫是实现持续稳定脱贫的根本之策。新中国成立70年来,我国产业扶贫政策经历了基础夯实、起步摸索、雏形确立、加速推进、精准施策五个阶段,在产业扶贫推进过程中,各地区持续改善产业扶贫基础环境,结合实际创新推进模式,坚持政府主导各界参与的多元形式,实施差异化的支持政策,为脱贫攻坚取得重大决定性成就提供了有力支撑,与此同时,也面临趋同化现象明显,益贫性仍然较低,政府和市场边界相对模糊等问题。今后,产业扶贫仍将是消除绝对和相对贫困人口的重要手段,更是促进乡村产业全面振兴的重要路径。展望未来,在扶贫产业迈向产业兴旺的进程中,产业的特色化与差异化将更加凸显,多元化与创新性的推进模式机制将不断涌现,全方位与立体式的促进乡村振兴将加速实现。

70th Anniversary of the Industrial Poverty Alleviation Policy:Evolution Paths,Lessons and Prospects

Industrial poverty alleviation is the fundamental strategy to achieve sustained and stable poverty alleviation.In the 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,China’s industrial poverty alleviation policy has gone through five stages:solid foundation,initial exploration,embryonic establishment,accelerated advancement,and precise policy.In the process of industrial poverty alleviation,various regions have continued to improve the basic environment of industrial poverty alleviationcombining with actual innovation,adhere to the multiple forms of government-led participation from all walks of life,implement differentiated support policies,and provide strong support for major decisive achievements in poverty alleviation.At the same time,it is also facing a clear trend of assimilation,low benefit and poverty,and relatively vague boundary between government and market.In the future,industrial poverty alleviation will continue to be an important means to eliminate the absolute and relative poverty,but also an important way to promote the overall revitalization of rural industries.Looking forward to the future,as the poverty alleviation industry moves towards industrial prosperity,the characteristics and differentiation of the industry will become more prominent.Diversified and innovative promotion models and mechanisms will continue to emerge,and accelerate the comprehensive and three-dimensional promotion of rural development.