兼业背景下贫困地区农户资源配置的特征与效率分析

农户行为具有多重目标。在基本需要得到满足的情况下,追求收入最大化成为农户经营的主要目标。对贫困地区农户进行实证分析的结果表明,由于不能够从小规模的农业生产中获取足够多的收入来改善自身的生活条件,贫困地区农户从事非农生产活动的现象非常普遍,非农活动进而影响了农户在农业生产领域中的资源配置。随着非农就业机会的增多和非农收入比例的提高,样本农户专业化生产没有得到发展,农业生产投入的积极性并没有随之提高,农产品商品率并没有得到相应的提升。因此,在目前资源和制度条件下,非农化过程很难有效提升贫困地区农业部门的效率。

An Analysis of the Characteristics and Efficiency of Resource Allocation by Farmer Households in Poor Areas with Part-time Business Activities

Farming households have multiple business purposes. When basic needs are satisfied, farmers try to maximize their income. Based on our investigation in Wumeng Mountainous Area, because farmers are unable to earn enough revenue from agricultural activities on small areas of farmland, farmers look for opportunities in non-agricultural industries. Non-agricultural activities influence the resources farmers allocate to agricultural production. Empirical studies on farmer household behavior show that, capital input in agriculture and the commodity rate of agricultural products do not increase, nor do farming households develop specialized production, as non-farming income increases. Under the current resource and institutional conditions, it is difficult to improve the efficiency of agricultural in poor areas through part-time business activities.