物流成本占GDP比重中的产业结构因素

近几年物流业的发展备受关注，我们经常看到这样的报道：我国物流成本占GDP比重高达16．7％甚至。而美国只10％左右，于是就会直观地说中国远远落后于发达国家，物流成本管理水平与发选国家有较大差距。无可否认，中国物流成本管理水平确实根落后．但是直接比较两个国家的物流成本占GDP的比重能否反映出这两个国家物流成本的真实差距。本文作者认为，物流成本占GDP比重还受产业结构的影响，即当两个国家产业结构有较大差异时．即使这两国物流成本管理水平属同一水平，物流成本占GDP的比重也会有较大的差别．所以比较前提应是两国产业结构相似。而产业结构有较大差异的两国．用另外一个指标更合理——产业产值——物流成本弹性，即比较相同产业中的物流成本占产业产值的比重。

The Structure of Production Factor of Proportion of Logistics Cost in GDP

Logistics is hot now. We can often hear the news that logistics cost was as high as one fifth of the GDP. We may conclude that without pondering deeply, the level of logisties cost management is far behind that in the developed countries. The author think that it. is not the overall. The index is also affected by the structure of industry, except technology. If there is a large difference in the structure of industry in two compared countries, the index may be. much different. The structure of industry is an important element which must be considered before yon arrive at a conclusion from the index, the scale of logistics cast in GDP.