日本农业问题的缩影——对广岛县庄原市的调查

日本是发达国家中农业问题很突出的一个国家。通过对日本广岛县庄原市的调查,直观地再现了日本的一系列农业问题:耕地面积有限,耕地利用率趋于下降;农户生产规模小型化,集约化生产受到限制;农业人口减少,农业劳动力高龄化,农业劳动力后继乏人;国内农产品自给率很低,农产品价格居高难下;农协在发挥积极作用的同时,也暴露出诸多问题;政府在保护农业方面倾注大量财力,虽然缩小了城乡差距,却抑制了农业竞争力的提高,还加重了政府的财政负担等等。庄原市是日本比较典型的"农村",日本几乎所有的农业问题都在庄原市得到了体现。

Shobara, Hiroshima: Epitome of Japanese Agriculture

Japan is a developed country with outstanding agricultural problems. This paper makes a survey oin Shobara, Hiroshima, and identifies a series of Japanese agricultural problems including limited cultivated area and declining rate of cultivation, miniaturized scale and restricted intensive production, falling and ageing agricultural population, lowered self-sufficiency rate of domestic agricultural products which boosts higher prices, etc. The positive roles of agricultural association is accompanied with multiple problems. A large amount of governmental expenditures are used to protect the agriculture and to reduce the urban-rural disparity, but the competitiveness of regional agriculture is actually restrained and the public financial burden is aggravated. Shobara is a tipical Japanese "rural area", suffering from almost all agricultural problems of japan.