进口含贵金属物料的表征和属性鉴别

采用X射线荧光光谱仪、X射线衍射光谱仪及标准方法等分析技术手段,对进口4种含贵金属物料样品进行表征,结果为:样品1外观为潮湿的黑色粉末,夹杂有金属光泽的小颗粒,主要由SiO₂(石英)和CaCO₃(方解石)组成,Au量为21.0 g/t,Ag量为160.0 g/t;样品2外观为灰色圆柱状颗粒,夹杂少量白色圆球状颗粒,主要由Al₂O₃和Ag组成;样品3外观为土黄色粉末夹杂大小不等结团状,水分含量为24.6%;样品4外观为灰色圆球状颗粒,主要由Al₂O₃组成。将样品的外观、组成等特征,与报验提供的样品来源、含贵金属物料、含贵金属产品及相关文献等进行比对,依据《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法》与《固体废物鉴别标准通则》GB 34330-2017判定:样品1来源为石英脉型金矿或尾矿经富集的含金矿物,其金含量达到金精矿品位要求,不属于固体废物;样品2为含银废催化剂经高温处理的产物,样品3为湿法冶炼提取锌或其他有价金属后的浸出渣,样品4为含钯废催化剂经高温处理的产物,样品2、样品3和样品4属于目前我国禁止进口的固体废物。

Characterization and Identification of Imported Materials Containing Precious Metals

In this paper,four samples containing precious metals were characterized by X-ray fluorescence Spectrometer,X-ray diffraction spectrometer and standard method.The results are as follows:Sample 1 has a wet appearance of black powder,and the particles with metallic luster are mainly composed of SiO and CaCO,Au 21.0 g/t,Ag 160.0 g/t.The appearance of sample 2 is gray cylindrical particles with a few white spherical particles,mainly composed of Al₂ O₃ and Ag.The appearance of sample 3 is yellowish-brown powder with different sizes and agglomerates,and the moisture content is 24.6%.The appearance of sample 4 is grey spherical particles,mainly composed of A10.The appearance and composition of the samples were compared with the sources of the samples,materials containing precious metals,products containing precious metals and relevant literature.According to the law of the People’s Republic of China on the prevention and control of solid waste pollution and the general rules for the identification of solid waste GB 34330-2017,it is determined that the source of sample 1 is the gold-bearing minerals enriched in quartz vein-type gold ore or tailings,sample 2 is the product of high temperature treatment of waste catalyst containing silver,and sample 3 is the leaching residue after hydrometallurgical extraction of zinc or other valuable metals,and sample 4 is the product of high temperature treatment of spent catalyst containing palladium.Sample 2,sample 3 and sample 4 belong to the solid waste which is prohibited to be imported into China at present.