中部地区2010—2021年经济社会发展的时空变化特征

中部地区承东启西、连接南北，推动中部地区高质量均衡发展对构建国家发展新格局具有重大意义。利用2010—2021年中部六省经济社会统计数据，考察中部六省的经济规模、增长速度、人均GDP、常住人口、人口密度、城乡收入、城乡差距等的变化趋势与特征。研究表明：(1)中部六省的经济规模都在不断增加，但数量差距在扩大；中部六省的经济增长率在整体上呈现降速趋势，从高速增长转向中速增长；湖北、安徽、湖南的人均GDP增长较快，而河南、山西、江西的人均GDP增长较慢。(2)中部六省中除湖南外，其他五省的常住人口规模总体呈现先增加后减少的趋势。中部六省的人口密度除湖南比较稳定外，其他都具有波动性特征。(3)中部六省的城镇居民人均可支配收入差别较小，而农村居民人均可支配收入之间差别较大。各省城乡居民收入差距整体上是缩小的，但山西、江西的城乡居民收入差距在个别年份波动较大，存在回弹现象。最后提出积极寻求基于资源优势和市场导向的发展模式、推动以区域创新为基础的发展战略、把握国家发展战略、用好用活用足国家政策等建议。

Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Economic and Social Development in Central China from 2010 to 2021

The central region connects the east with the west, connects the north with the south, and promotes the high-quality and balanced development of the central region is of great significance to the construction of a new national development pattern. Based on the economic and social statistical data of six central provinces from 2010 to 2021, the trends and characteristics of economic scale, growth rate, per capita GDP, permanent population, population density, urban-rural income and urban-rural gap of six central provinces were investigated. The results show that :(1) the economic scale of the six central provinces is increasing, but the quantity gap is widening; On the whole, the economic growth rate of the six central provinces shows a downward trend from high growth to medium growth. The per capita GDP of Hubei, Anhui and Hunan grew faster, while that of Henan, Shanxi and Jiangxi grew more slowly. (2) Except the Hunan province, the permanent population size of the other five provinces in the six central provinces showed a general trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Except the Hunan province, the population density of the other five central provinces fluctuates. (3) The difference of per capita disposable income of urban residents in the six central provinces is small, while the difference of per capita disposable income of rural residents is large. The income gap between urban and rural residents in all provinces is narrowing in the whole, but the income gap between urban and rural residents in Shanxi and Jiangxi fluctuates greatly in individual years, and there is a phenomenon of rebound. Some suggestions are put forward, including actively seeking development mode based on resource advantage and market orientation, promoting development strategies based on regional innovation, grasping the national development strategy and making good use of national policies.