数字鸿沟背景下小农户信息赋能过程机理与实现路径 ——基于数字包容理论的多案例研究

数字经济的高速发展,使小农户因自身禀赋劣势面对新一轮对信息、网络技术的占有和应用程度的“知识分隔”时边缘化程度加深,造成的“数字鸿沟”更日益影响稳定脱贫成效,如何利用信息技术赋能小农户弥合其与“信息富有者”间的“纵向数字鸿沟”已成为亟待解决的重要课题。通过田野调查,提出了面向稳定脱贫的小农户分类模型,利用该模型选取多个案例,结合数字包容理论剖析和挖掘了信息赋能小农户实现数字包容背后的过程机理并探讨如何借助信息技术赋能小农户、培育数字农民、建设数字乡村的途径。研究发现,信息赋能小农户的过程主要分为信息意识萌发、信息技能掌握、信息成效变现三个阶段。信息意识萌发阶段,应着力唤醒小农户信息使用意愿及主动性;信息技能掌握阶段,要开辟多种渠道增加获取信息使用技能的机会;信息成效变现阶段,要通过广泛参与发挥信息效能。三个阶段应采用不同策略进行信息赋能,才能弥合数字鸿沟,实现数字包容,促进稳定脱贫与共同富裕。

The mechanism and implementation path of information empowerment process of smallholder farmers under the background of digital divide Multiple case studies based on digital inclusion theory

The rapid development of the digital economy has deepened the marginalization of small farmers due to their disadvantageous endowments in the face of a new round of "knowledge separation" in the possession and application of information and network technologies, resulting in a "digital divide" that increasingly affects the effectiveness of stable poverty alleviation. How to use information technology to empower small farmers to bridge the "vertical digital divide" between them and the "information rich" has become an important issue to be solved. Through the field survey, The proposed classification model for smallholder farmers is used to achieve stable poverty alleviation, and adopt the model to select several cases, analyze and explore the process mechanism behind the digital inclusion of information-empowered smallholder farmers and clarify how to use information technology to empower smallholder farmers, cultivate digital farmers and build digital villages. Results show that the process of information empowerment of small farmers is divided into three stages: information awareness development, information skills acquisition, and information effectiveness realization. In the stage of information awareness development, attention should focus on awakening small farmers'' willingness and initiative to use information; in the stage of information skills acquisition, various channels should be opened up to increase the opportunities to acquire information skills; in the stage of information effectiveness realization, small-farmers should give full play to information effectiveness through extensive participation. In order to bridge the digital divide, achieve digital inclusion, and promote stable poverty alleviation and common prosperity, different strategies should be adopted for information empowerment in the three stages.