“一带一路”倡议是否推动了我国技术扩散-——基于高新技术产业的分析

基于“一带一路”倡议的国际间技术创新合作是推动构建新发展格局的重要举措。基于技术扩散理论,运用2008—2019年我国与全球135个经济体间贸易数据,从高新技术产业出口视角分析我国在“一带一路”倡议前后对东道国的技术扩散效应,并讨论技术邻近性、制度距离等约束因素对技术扩散的影响,进而对理论分析结果进行了验证分析。结果表明：“一带一路”倡议有助于我国高新技术产业的技术扩散,并能通过增加与东道国的技术邻近性强化技术扩散性;但制度距离对该倡议下的技术扩散有限制性作用。研究结论为新发展格局下我国通过“一带一路”倡议拓展国际科技合作空间,通过强化技术创新成果转移、知识扩散推动高水平对外开放提供了有益参考与启示。

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In the new development stage, international technological innovation cooperation based on the "Belt and Road" initiative is an important measure to promote the construction of a new development pattern. Based on the theory of technology diffusion, this paper uses the relevant statistical data of 135 economies around the world from 2008 to 2019 to analyze the effect of China''s technology diffusion on the host country before and after the "Belt and Road" initiative from the perspective of China''s high-tech industry exports. The influence of distance on China''s technology diffusion under the "Belt and Road" initiative, and the difference-in-difference model is used to test this policy effect. The research results show that the "Belt and Road" initiative is conducive to the technology diffusion of China''s high-tech industries, and can promote technology diffusion by increasing the technological proximity to the host country; but at the same time, institutional distance hinders the technology diffusion under the initiative. The research conclusions provide useful reference and inspiration for China to expand the space for international scientific and technological cooperation through the "Belt and Road" initiative under the new development pattern, and to promote high-level opening to the outside world by strengthening technological innovation transfer and knowledge diffusion.