论美国海商法中船舶碰撞责任

船舶碰撞属于海上侵权行为,为了规范各国对船舶碰撞责任的立法,国际海事组织通过了1910年的《碰撞公约》。它废除了在过失标准判断上的法律推定过失原则,确立了在碰撞责任认定方面的过失比例原则。世界上许多的海运国家都加入了该公约,但美国却没有加入该公约,而且在确定船舶碰撞责任方面适用着不同于公约的一些原则。

On the Maritime Collision Responsibility in American Maritime Law

Maritime collision is the tort action at the sea. In order to define the legislation in maritime collision responsibility,"the 1910 maritime collision convention"was passed by the international maritime organization. The Convention rescinds the statutory presumption of fault and at the same time establishes the proportional fault rule. Most countries including China have ratified the Convention. The United States did not ratify the Convention till now and it has the different rules in defining the maritime collision responsibility.