江苏省城乡统筹效率评价及其空间溢出效应研究

目的]通过测度江苏省各市城乡统筹效率,解释其空间溢出效应,提出促进城乡统筹效率提升的建议,以期为江苏省改变城乡统筹发展方式,提高城乡统筹发展水平提供参考。方法]基于2015年江苏省13个地级市的横截面数据,运用数据包络分析(DEA)评价其城乡统筹效率,并通过探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)解释其空间溢出效应。结果]江苏省各市城乡统筹效率普遍不高,仅有无锡、镇江和宿迁达到DEA有效状态;江苏省城乡统筹效率空间差异显著,呈苏南苏北苏中的分布格局;江苏省各市城乡统筹技术效率平均值高于规模效率平均值,城乡统筹规模效率低是制约城乡统筹综合效率的主要因素;无锡、镇江和宿迁的城乡统筹处于规模报酬不变阶段,南京、泰州、盐城、淮安和连云港的城乡统筹处于规模报酬递增阶段,而苏州、常州、南通、扬州和徐州的城乡统筹处于规模报酬递减阶段;江苏省各市城乡统筹效率存在弱空间正溢出效应。结论]江苏省各市在城乡统筹发展中应加强技术创新,优化城乡空间布局,以促进城乡统筹效率的提升。

EFFICIENCY OF URBAN-RURAL INTEGRATION AND ITS SPATIAL SPILLOVER EFFECT IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

This paper measured the efficiency of urban-rural integration of each city in Jiangsu province explained its spatial spillover effect, and put forward some suggestions to promote efficiency of urban-rural integration, in order to change the mode of urban-rural integration and raise the level of urban-rural integration. The DEA and ESDA methods were used in this paper based on the data from 13 cities at the prefectural level of Jiangsu province in 2015. The results illustrated that the efficiency of urban-rural integration of each city was generally not high. Only Wuxi, Zhenjiang and Suqian achieved the DEA efficient state. There was a significant spatial difference of urban-rural integration, which was more advanced in southern region than northern region, and more advanced in northern region than central region. Average technical efficiency of urban-rural integration was higher than average scale efficiency in Jiangsu province. Low scale efficiency of urban-rural integration was the main factor restricting comprehensive efficiency of urban-rural integration. The pattern of urban-rural integration showed constant return to scale in Wuxi, Zhenjiang and Suqian, an increase return to scale in Nanjing, Taizhou, Yancheng, Huaian and Lianyungang, and a decrease return to scale in Suzhou, Changzhou, Nantong, Yangzhou and Xuzhou. There was a weak positive spatial spillover effect among efficiency of urban-rural integration of cities. Therefore, each city should strengthen technical innovation and optimize the urban-rural spatial distribution in order to promote the efficiency of urban-rural integration.