农业资源节约优先与台账制度若干问题思考

[目的]2016年国务院关于印发全国农业现代化规划(2016-2020)的通知提出"建立重要农业资源台账制度"。党的十九大报告提出了"节约优先"的生态文明建设指导方针。[方法]文章提出按照"1+4"框架,贯彻落实节约优先生态文明建设方针,推进国家重要农业资源台账制度建设。[结果]"1"是指树立一个以有用、有限、有主、有价和有效为核心的现代农业资源观。"4"是指四大战略路径:一是强化农业资源监测,摸清农业资源底数及其动态变化趋势;二是推进农业资源资产化,激发农民节约使用和保护农业资源的内生动力;三是推行绿色生产方式,将资源利用规模、利用强度和空间布局控制在资源承载力和环境容量许可范围内;四是建立激励约束并重的长效机制,有效规范和引导政府、生产者、消费者等相关主体行为。[结论]通过这些措施的实施,可推动农业尽快走上资源节约、绿色发展的道路。

REFLECTIONS ON ISSUES CONCERNING THE PRIORITY OF AGRICULTURAL RESOURCE SAVINGS AND THE SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING LIABILITIES

In 2016, the State Council''s circular on the issuance of the National Plan for Agricultural Modernization (2016-2020) proposed the "Establishment of an Account System for Important Agricultural Resources". The report of the 19th National Congress of the CPC put forward the guidelines of "saving priority" in building ecological civilization. This article proposed that in accordance with the "1+4" framework, it should implement the policy of saving priority ecological civilization and promote the construction of the system of account receivables for important national agricultural resources. "1" referred to establish a view of modern agricultural resources that were useful, limited, dominant, valuable and effective. "4" referred to the four strategic paths: First, strengthening the monitoring of agricultural resources to find out the base of agricultural resources and trends in the dynamic changes; Second, promoting the asset-based agricultural resources to stimulate farmers to save the use of resources and endogenous motivation; Third, implementing green production methods, the scale of resource utilization, the use of strength and spatial layout of control within the resources carrying capacity and environmental capacity permit range; Fourth, establishing long-term incentive and restraint mechanisms that effectively regulated and guided the government, producers, consumers other related subjects. Through the implementation of these measures, we can promote agriculture as soon as possible on the road of resource conservation and green development.