陕西省主要粮食作物生产成本收益研究——以小麦、玉米为例

陕西省是我国的农业大省,粮食作物的生产成本和收益与农民收入直接相关,对农村经济的可持续发展具有重要影响。文章分析了陕西省主要粮食作物的种植现状,以小麦、玉米为例探究了主要粮食作物的生产成本收益,并对生产中存在的问题及潜力进行了详细分析,结果表明,尽管实施了多项惠农政策,粮食作物生产仍表现为成本高,收益低,农民播种积极性不高;粮食生产面临形势严峻,但陕西省粮食生产有很大的潜力可以挖掘。该文还提出了提高农民耕种积极性、提高粮食作物单产水平、实现农业产业化等对策建议,以期为提高粮食作物产量和品质,提高生产成本收益提供一定依据。

THE COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN GRAIN CROPS IN SHAANXI PROVINCE

Shaanxi is a major agricultural province of China. Grain production is the foundation of agriculture. The production costs and income of grain crops directly impact the income of farmers and the national economy. The re-search on crop production costs and benefits has become the core issue of agriculture and rural economy. The paper tried to explore the production costs and benefits of the major grain crops based on the data nearly 15 years from mul-tiple counties of Shaanxi province agricultural development, and discussed the environmental impact of crops produc-tion . The results showed that the grain benefits of farmers was still low despite the implementation of a number of cost benefits of preferential agricultural policy, and the enthusiasm of farmers engaging in agricultural activities was not high. Grain production faced serious challenges and great potential in Shaanxi province. Finally, some suggestions was proposed to promote the farming enthusiasm, improve crop yields, and realize the industrialization of agriculture. This paper provided a basis for improving crop yields and qualities, and increasing production revenue.