企业规模、规模经济与产业集群

企业规模问题一直存在着截然相反的观点和主张,造成冲突的原因在于“企业规模”是一个各取所需的含混的概念。具有经济学意义的企业规模应该从两个相互正交的维度上———企业的横向规模和纵向规模———来度量。规模经济来自于横向规模的扩张,而纵向规模的扩张可能会带来规模不经济。产业集群是观察企业横向、纵向规模一个好的样本。区分企业规模的不同性质,将会使与规模经济相关的理论研究出现明晰的路径。

Firm Size, Economies of Scale and Industrial Clusters

There have been conflicting opinions concerning issue of firm size.The reason for the conflict is that firm size is a vague conception,which might be interpreted differently from different perspectives.Firm size that has the economic significance need to be measured from two intersecting dimensions,namely,horizontal and longitudinal firm sizes.Economies of scale result from the expansion of horizontal firm size,while the longitudinal expansion may bring about diseconomies of scale.Industrial clusters are good samples for the observation of horizontal and longitudinal size.Distinguishing the natures of firm size will offer a lucid approach for some theoretical problems about economies of scale.