山区农户对森林旅游业的参与意愿及影响因素研究

在行为经济学相关理论的基础上,基于福建山区221个农户的调研数据,运用有序Probit模型探究影响农户参与森林旅游业意愿的主要因素。研究结果表明:山区农户对森林旅游业的参与意愿不高;性别、健康状况、家庭成员是否为党员或干部、屋前是否通公路、家庭成员累计出外打工时间、对森林旅游政策了解程度、政府扶持力度及未来收益预期等因素是影响农户对森林旅游业参与意愿的主要因素。基于此,建议提高农村妇女参与森林旅游业的综合能力、加强政策的支持与引导及推进森林旅游业产业链延伸等。

Study on the Willingness and Influencing Factors of Mountain Farmers’ Participation in Forest Tourism

⑴ Background——(1)Forest tourism can match the resource endowment of rural population,and has the functions of ecotourism development and poverty alleviation development.It is an important carrier for comprehensively demonstrating ecological civilization and poverty alleviation strategy.Rural Revitalization Strategy and poverty alleviation by forest tourism are mainly implemented by farmers.Studies have shown that whether farmers are willing to participate is the key to the sustainable development of forest tourism and the realization of poverty alleviation by forest tourism.⑵ Methods——Based on the relevant theories of behavioral economics,an orderly Probit model was established to explore the main factors affecting the farmers' willingness to participate in forest tourism by using the survey data of 221 farmers in Fujian mountainous areas.⑶ Results——The study found that:①Among the factors of individual characteristics,the gender variable plays a significant role at the level of 10%,indicating that female farmers are more willing to participate in forest tourism than men.The health status plays a significant role at the level of 5%,and the regression coefficient is 0.810 7.②Among the factors of family characteristics,the cumulative working hours of the whole family play a significant role in farmers' participation in forest tourism at the level of 10%,indicating that the longer the whole family work outside,the lower the farmers' willingness to participate in forest tourism.Whether family members are party members or cadres has a significant effect on farmers' willingness to participate in forest tourism at the level of 5%,and the regression coefficient is 1.483 6.③Among the factors of cognitive characteristics,the "degree of understanding of forest tourism policy" has a significant effect on farmers' participation in forest tourism at the level of 1%.The expected future returns have a significant effect at the level of 1%,and the regression coefficient is 6.850 6.④Among the factors of external characteristics,the variable of "road traffic condition" plays a significant role at the level of 10%,indicating that the better the rural road traffic condition is,the stronger the willingness of farmers to participate in forest tourism.The government's support has a significant effect on farmers' willingness to participate in forest tourism at the level of 10%.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Farmers' willingness to participation in forest tourism is low in mountainous areas.The time of going out to work of the whole family has a significant negative impact on farmers' willingness to participate in forest tourism.But seven factors,such as gender,health status,understanding of forest tourism policies,future income expectations,whether roads are connected to the house,whether family members are party members or cadres,and government support,have a significant positive impact on farmers' willingness to participate in forest tourism.Among them,the future earnings expectation has the greatest positive impact on farmers' willingness to participate in forest tourism.Based on this,policy recommendations are made from the aspects of improving the comprehensive ability of rural women to participate in forest tourism,strengthening policy support and guidance,and promoting the extension of the forest tourism industry chain.