日本北九州市的环境政策演变:从克服公害到创建环境首都

二战后的北九州市成功克服公害,积累了丰富经验和技术,并活用这些经验推进重视环境保护的城市发展战略,建树丰硕、影响深远,在环保领域占领着日本国内无庸置疑的先驱地位.本文旨在分析高速成长期之后的北九州的环境政策的演变,列举其中代表性的措施揭示其特点,并明确今后的努力方向.从国家层面来看,战后日本环境政策可分为三个阶段,各自有不同的环境政策焦点:从公害治理对策到综合环境保全、提高环境舒适度,再到关注地球环境问题、努力建设可持续发展社会.北九州市的环境政策变迁大致遵循了相同的轨迹.本文讨论了克服公害的"北九州模式"、环境国际合作的积极推进、"生态工业园区"工程、"环境示范都市"工程等主要环保措施,阐明其中的历史背景及发展过程,并进一步探讨以环境关联产业为杠杆振兴地方经济、发展环保产业、开拓国际市场的可能,提出了今后需要致力发展的方向.

The Development of Kitakyushu City's Environment Policy: From Anti-plution to the Creation of Eco-capital

After the World War II,Kitakyushu-city in Japan was faced with serious environmental pollution and successfully overcame it.Since then,people in Kitakyushu have promoted the construction of an environmental-friendly city and have kept a pioneer status in this field among the local public bodies in Japan.This study tries to analyze the evolution of environmental policy in Kitakyushu after the hyper-economic growth era(the 1960s) and to clarify main results and problems awaiting solution.After the World War I...