金融自由化、经济转轨与农民相对贫困的恶化

金融自由化通过如下机制影响农民相对收入水平:经济增长、金融服务、金融发展和金融危机。转轨经济的特殊性使上述4个渠道都使农民相对收入增长受到不利影响。经济增长的再分配效应是不确定的。在转轨过程中,国有经济和国有银行从农村地区大规模撤退,减少了农民的金融机会和金融服务。在金融发展过程中,农民分享经济增长和金融发展外部性的难度提高。金融危机的再分配效应更是不利于农民。综合效应是,伴随金融自由化的推进,农民金融机会集合变窄,城乡收入差距快速扩大。

FINANCIAL LIBERALIZATION, TRANSFORMATION OF ECONOMY AND THE DETERIORATION OF THE RELATIVE POVERTY OF FARMERS

Financial liberalization may affect the re-distribution between the farmers and the urban by the following channels:economic growth,financial service,financial development and financial crises.These channels may be relatively adverse for the farmers' income because of the particularity of the transition economy.The effectiveness of economic growth is uncertain.When the stated-owned banks and the state-owned economy withdraw from the county and town,the financial choice for farmers decrease.Difficulties of sharing with externality of industrialization and urbanization increase with rapid development of financial system.Therefore,the financial opportunity set of farmers decrease and urban-rural income gap has widened rapidly during the period of financial Liberalization.