家庭旅游研究进展——基于2000-2019年英文文献的综述

家庭旅游是全球旅游业最重要的细分市场。近年来,我国家庭旅游市场的规模和发展潜力受到业界的广泛关注,但相对于我国家庭旅游市场的发展实践,国内学术界对这一细分市场的研究明显不足。文章对2000-2019年发表在英文期刊的136篇家庭旅游文献进行了系统梳理,研究发现国际学术界日益关注家庭旅游,文献数量不断增长,但研究地域主要集中在北美和欧洲等发达国家和地区。研究方法以定量研究为主,研究主题、数据获取方法呈现出多元化的趋势,研究对象聚焦儿童参与的核心家庭旅游活动。研究主要以家庭消费的计量模型、家庭角色和家庭资源/权力理论、体验理论和家庭功能理论等为基础,可归纳为消费、决策、体验和功能等4个研究视角。基于英文研究的局限,并结合中国的文化、家庭、市场和社会特征,文章提出了中国家庭旅游研究应该重点关注的4个方向:(1)中国文化价值观及其影响;(2)中国家庭角色和结构特征;(3)家庭旅游市场的供给研究;(4)积极老龄化(active aging)和社会功能。

Progress in Family Tourism Research--A Literature Review of English Publications(2000-2019)

Family tourism is one of the largest and most constant markets in the tourism industry.In recent years,the impressive growth of the market size and great potential of family tourism market has received extensive attention from both scholars and practitioners worldwide.Our understanding of this segment however is far from sufficient,especially considering the huge size of family tourism market in China.A review of the most existing studies in China's Mainland suggested that they are largely discussion papers.For the few empirical studies,they are either market-driven,with focus on themes of marketing and product design,or based on the Western models to interpret the family tourist behavior.A full understanding of the current status of family tourism research worldwide is thus timely to enhance our knowledge about this market and also to offer directions for future quality research.This paper thus reviews the English journal publications of family tourism published between 2000 and 2019.In detail,136 pieces of articles were identified.The growth in the number of publications indicated that there is a growing attention on the family tourists among the international academic community.The research contexts of these papers are widely distributed but mostly in developed countries such as North America and Europe.An examination of the research methods revealed that most of the work uses quantitative methods.An analysis of the family life stage distribution of respondents indicated that the families with school-aged children are the most frequently studied stage.In terms of research topics,consumption,decision-making,experience and benefits are four mostly studied themes.The theoretical basis includes family consumption model,family role and family resource/power theory,experience theory,family systems theory and informal learning.The existing English papers provide a solid base for the further research on the family travel market.It is however worth noting that these English papers are mainly about nuclear family travel in Western contexts.Family tourism research is supposed to consider different family structure,the characteristics of social values and the political and economic development trends in specific cultural scenarios.Considering the Chinese cultural,social and family characteristics,this paper offers four directions for the future studies on Chinese family tourism:paying attention to the unique Chinese cultural values and their influence;following up the change of Chinese family structure and family roles;studying the supply side of family tourism market;and exploring the family travel benefits from the perspective of the elderly and disadvantaged families.