卫星导航系统上行注入的研究现状与发展趋势

上行注入系统是卫星导航系统的生命线，是卫星导航系统不可或缺的一部分。详细研究了国外全球卫星导航系统和区域卫星导航系统的上行注入方案：全球定位系统（GPS）正由GPS II阶段过渡到GPS III阶段，上行注入也从全球布站的单星直接注入方案转变为本土布站的基于星间链路转发的注入方案，“伽利略”（Galileo）采取了全球布站的单星直接注入方案，而俄罗斯全球导航卫星系统（GLONASS）、准天顶卫星导航系统(QZSS)和印度区域导航卫星系统(IRNSS)采取了本土布站的单星直接注入方案。随着各大全球系统逐步研究、规划和开发星间链路，基于星间链路转发的上行注入方案势必成为全球系统的上行注入方案发展趋势，链路协同注入和高速传输也必然成为该方案的关键技术。

Research status and developing trend of uploading schemes for satellite navigation systems

An uploading system is an indispensable part of a satellite navigation system because it is a lifeline of the system. This paper studies the uploading schemes used by foreign global and regional satellite navigation systems. Global Positioning System(GPS) is transiting from GPS II to GPS III.GPS II uses a signal-satellite direct uploading scheme and sets uploading sites globally. But GPS III will use a scheme based on data transmission via its inter-satellite links and sets sites only in USA. Galileo uses the same scheme as GPS II.Russia''s Global Navigation Satellite System(GLONASS) and Quasi-Zenith Satellite System(QZSS) and Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System(IRNSS) use the signal-satellite direct uploading scheme and set native sites only. Today,with the studying,scheduling and developing inter-satellite link of global systems,the scheme based on inter-satellite links will certainly become a trend of the uploading scheme of a global system and a cooperation among uploading links and a high-speed transmission will be key technologies inevitably.