中国商法国际化的制度困境和发展路径——以民法典编纂中的国际化得失为镜鉴

商法国际化是对经济全球化下商法国际趋同的制度回应，亦是商法自我发展和民商法体系内部完善的客观要求。受限于商法传统，中国在过去商法国际化的过程中出现了立法理念错位、法律移植障碍和国际化效果欠佳的制度困境，而当前民法典的编纂则进一步加剧了商法国际化所面临的复杂环境。民法典国际化立法所引发的体系矛盾、司法障碍、立法滞后等问题值得商法所镜鉴。在此背景下，构建商法国际化的发展路径应围绕法体系、法理念、法技术三个角度，体系上通过《商法通则》立法来弥补现有民商法体系中商事一般法的缺位问题，理念上通过强调商法的自治属性来为国际化立法提供指导理念，技术上通过拓宽法律移植的对象范围来实现商法移植技术的转型。

The Institutional Dilemma and Development Path of Internationalization ofChinese Commercial Law: With the Internationalization Gains and Losses in the Compilation of Civil Code as Reference

The internationalization of the commercial law is the institutional response to the convergence of commercial law under economic globalization, but also the objective requirements for the self-development of the commercial law and the internal improvement of civil and commercial law systems. While China's past internationalization of the commercial law has been limited by the tradition of the commercial law, with the misalignment of legislative concepts, obstacles to legal transposition and the institutional dilemma of poor internationalization, the current codification of the Civil Code has further exacerbated the complex environment faced by the internationalization of commercial law. The systemic contradictions, judicial obstacles and lagging legislation arising from the internationalization of the Civil Code are worthy of reference in the commercial law. In the context of the codification of the Civil Code, the development path of building the internationalization of the commercial law should focus on three perspectives: legal system, legal concept and legal technology. In the system, the lack of general commercial law in the existing civil and commercial law system is compensated by the legislation of the General Principles of Commercial Law; in the concept, the autonomy of the commercial law is emphasized to guide international legislation; and in the technology, the transformation of the commercial law transposition technology is achieved by broadening the objects of legal transposition.