城郊休闲农业景观地游憩价值估算——以武汉市石榴红农场为例

研究目的:以石榴红农场为例,对城郊休闲农业景观地的游憩价值进行估算。研究方法:在对样本游客及农庄调查的基础上,应用TCM的两种基本模型ZTCM和ITCM进行估算。研究结果:(1)ITCM和ZTCM两种模型对环境资源游憩效益的估算存在一定差异。本案例中,ZTCM估算的游憩价值界于ITCM线性需求函数和半对数需求函数的估计值之间,其中ITCM线性需求函数的估计值低于ZTCM的估算值,仅是后者的68.81%;而半对数旅游需求函数对游憩效益的估计值则高于ZTCM的估计值,两者的比值为1.55∶1。(2)同一模型(ITCM)中,不同旅游需求函数设定下所估算出的游憩效益显著不同,需求函数的选择直接关系估计值的高低。本研究中,ITCM的半对数旅游需求函数估算出的消费者剩余是4345.4元/人,高于线性需求函数的估算值,是线性需求函数估计值的2.25倍。(3)取估算均值为准,可粗略地估算出石榴红农场2006年总的消费者剩余在5453.33万元,游客人均消费者剩余(consumer surplus,CS)3029.63元,农业景观地年均游憩价值361078元/hm2。研究结论:农业景观地年均游憩效益是传统种植收益的15.7倍,是休闲农场目前土地经营性收入的6倍,农业景观地的游憩价值远远高于其通过市场显现的经济产值,是农地资源价值构成中无法忽略的重要组成部分。

An Estimation of the Recreational Value of Metropolitan Leisure Agricultural Landscape: A Case Study of Shiliuhong Leisure Farm in Wuhan City

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the recreational value of leisure agricultural land in Shiliuhong leisure farm.Zonal travel cost method(ZTCM) and individual travel cost method(ITCM) were employed.Several conclusions can be drawn from the study.Firstly,the estimations of recreational value of agricultural land by these two models are different.In this study,the estimation of ITCM's linear model is only 68.81% of ZTCM's estimation,and the ratio between Semi-log model of ITCM's estimation and ZTCM's estimation is 1.55:1.Secondly,the estimations of recreational value under different demand function in the individual travel cost method were significantly different and the estimation of semi-log expenditure demand function was higher than linear expenditure demand.Finally,taking the average CS as an example,recreational value of leisure agricultural land in Shiliuhong farm in 2006 were evaluated,which was 5.45333 millions Yuan and the consumer surplus per capita was 3029.63 Yuan,and the recreational valued of agricultural landscape was 361078 Yuan per hectare.Compared to conventional agricultural production,agriculture landscape provides more direct recreational use benefits,which were almost 15.7 folds of the intrinsic economic value of conventional agricultural production and 6 folds of the intrinsic economic value of leisure agricultural use.It is showed that the recreational use value of agricultural land is much higher than the economic value,and can be a very important component of agricultural land resource value.