企业理论的演进逻辑及其发展方向

现代企业理论强调资本所有权(产权)的决定作用,因而企业治理遵循“资本雇佣劳动”的逻辑。但这一逻辑越来越受到理论和实践两方面的挑战,客观上需要一个替代的企业理论。实际上,一些新的“资本”范畴的提出,预示着新的企业理论的发展方向。纵观企业理论发展的历史,我们发现有其自身发展规律:物质资本的所有权决定论—资本所有权逻辑的否定—资本所有权逻辑的回归。这是一个完整的“否定之否定”的过程。企业理论的这一发展规律从企业理论中“市场”与“生产”的关系看,理论重心经历了“市场交易合约”到“生产中的资源”,再到“市场交易与生产结合”的过程。企业理论发展逻辑的最后一个环节尚处于萌芽之中,需要我们加以深入研究。

Logic of Evolution and Development of Firm Theory

In modern firm theory, capital ownership(property right) is regarded as the most important factor. Thus, corporate governance follows the logic of "capital-hire-labor". But this logic faces challenges both in theory and practice, and so a replacing firm theory is needed . Actually some new categories of "capital" put forward indicate the developing direction of the new firm theory. Reviewing the history of the development of firm theory, we have found it has its own law: from theory of ownership of material capital deciding to negation of the capital ownership logic, and the return of capital ownership logic. This is a complete course of "negation of negation ". On view of relation with"production" and "market" in firm theory, firm is regarded as a nexus of transaction contracts at first, and then as set of production resources, and now as combination of transaction and production contracts. The final stage of the development of firm theory, that is, the new replacing theory, is just in sprout, which needs us to have a deep research.