国有企业预算约束硬化与财政分权

软预算约束导致国有企业低效率。在向市场经济转轨的过程中,国有企业软预算约束问题仍然存在。硬化国有企业预算约束是改革的一项重要内容。在要素自由流动的条件下,从中央向地方的财政分权引起地方政府之间的竞争;竞争提高了对亏损国有企业进行救助的机会成本,从而有助于硬化国有企业的预算约束。

Hardened Budget Constraint and Fiscal Decentralization in State -owned Enterprises

Soft budget constraint causes inefficiency in state-owned enterprises.The problem of soft budget constraint still exists in the process of conversion to market economy.Hardening budget constraint in state-owned enterprises is an important task in economic reform.Fiscal decentralization from the central government to local governments will cause competition between local governments in the condition of free flow of factors.Competition improves the opportunity cost of helping the state-owned enterprises in deficit and thus is helpful for hardening the budget constraint in state-owned enterprises.