洞庭湖区湿地资源的开发利用研究

针对洞庭湖区湿地资源利用水平不高，湿地垦殖强度大，湖泊调蓄功能下降，湿地环境污染加剧等一系列问题，从经济学与生态学的角度分析了洞庭湖区湿地资源特征。研究表明：控制人口总量，退田还湖，建立湿地自然保护区，大力发展避洪耐涝型湿地特色产业是保护和合理利用湿地资源的有效途径，并提出协调好人口、资源与环境的关系是实现湿地资源可持续利用的战略目标。

Studies on exploitation and utilization of the wetland resources in Dongting Lake

The wetland in Dongting Lake region of Hunan Province is one of the largest wetland in China, characterized by various types and significant function. At present, there are some problems. The total utilization efficiency is low, reckless exploitation and flood regulation function decrease, the wetland is severely damaged and accompanied by the degeneration of ecological environment. The present approaches to sustainable utilization of wetland in the Dongting Lake are effective in the aspects of population control, polder evolvement, wetland restoration, establishment of wetland preservation area, development of industries characteristic of wetland in disaster avoiding and waterlogging tolerance. Sound economic, social and ecological benefits have been gained. Therefore how to coordinate the relation among population, resources and environment is the strategic target for the realization of sustainable wetland utilization.