从土地利用效益看农业布局和结构调整——以江苏省为例

随着国际市场对农业生产的冲击，新一轮的产业布局和结构调整势在必行。在传统衡量农产品比较优势方法受到限制的情况下，文章首先从理论上探讨了通过衡量土地利用效益的比较优势分析了农产品比较优势的可能性，然后以江苏省1999-2003年平均数据为例，计算了江苏内部各地级市土地利用效益的比较优势，来间接衡最江苏各类农产品的比较优势，从整体上看，粮食、茶类作物在苏南具有比较优势；棉花、水果在苏中地区具有比较优势；油料、麻类、蔬菜、瓜果在苏北地区具有比较优势。并在其基础上对江苏未来农业布局和产业结构调整提出相应的政策建议，为江苏新一轮农业产业布局和产业结构调整提出证据，同时为测定农产品比较优势提供一条新的思路。

AGRICULTURAL ARRANGEMENT AND STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT BASED ON LAND USE REVENUE:A CASE OF JIANGSU

With the international market impact to domestic agriculture, a new round of agricultural structural adjustment is inevitable in China. For the limitation of traditional measure method of the comparative advantage for each agricultural product, this paper first analyzes the possibility to measure the comparative advantage from land use revenue substitute to agricultural product revenue. Then it employs the method to calculate the comparative advantage of land use revenue in Jiangsu province with municipal data from 1999 to 2003. The result shows that there are comparative advantages of crop and tea in south part of Jiangsu, cotton and fruit in central part, while oil plants, hemp, vegetable and melon in north of Jiangsu. Base on the result this paper also arranges the agricultural production in Jiangsu province and gives some suggestions to the adjustment of the agricultural structure.