区域经济发展中的东西部关系问题

东西部关系问题一直是我们国家区域经济发展中要认真研究的重要问题.从历史来看,毛泽东在论十大关系中论述了东西部关系问题,为解决东西部矛盾采取了一系列措施,其中最大最重要的措施是"三线建设".改革开放以后,邓小平对解决东西部矛盾问题作了战略思考,提出重点推进和"两个大局"的思想.实行全面的东部沿海发展战略,各个省市地区也是重点推进再带动其它地区发展.东部的发展增强了我们国家的国力,但东西部差距日益凸显,它不仅仅是一个经济发展水平问题,老百姓收入问题,而且有民族、宗教、边疆等问题.因此,99年江泽民提出西部大开发,目的是要实行邓小平两个大局的思想.西部大开发实行了东中西部协调发展的方针,成绩很大,主要是对全国的贡献很大,但东西部差距仍在拉大.由于形势、体制、机制的变化,要推进邓小平提出的两个大局的思想,必须重新审视我们的西部开发政策.今后,一是要实行突出重点的方针,重点推进,带动全面;二是不能再单纯地开发西部资源,必须让西部利用自己的资源,要形成西部自己的研究--开发--加工--销售及其相关产业的产业链;三是要特别关注西部农业、教育的发展,要解决农民失地、失业、没有保障等问题.

The relationship between the east and the west in regional economic development

The relationship between the east and the west has been an important issue in China's regional economic development. Historically, Mao Zedong expounded the relationship in his On Ten Relations and made a series of measures to solve the contradiction between the east and the west. His most important measure is to "Construction of Remote Areas Away From Coastal Regions". After reform and opening to the outside world, Deng Xiaoping made strategic thinking on solution to the contradiction between the east and the west and put forward development of important regions and "Two Overall Situations". Development strategy of eastern coastal areas was completely implemented and in each province the important regions were firstly developed and then other regions were developed. Development of eastern part increased China's national competence but the gap between the east and the west is increasing. This is not only a problem of economic development and a problem of residents' income but also problems of nationality, religion and border areas. Thus in 1999 Jiang Zemin put forward western development and Jiang's aim is to realize Deng's "Two Overall Situations" strategy. Western development implemented coordination development of the east,the middle and the west areas and achieves great success and contributes a lot to the country. But the gap between the east and the west is still increasing. Because of the change of situation, system and mechanism, implementation of Deng's "Two Overall Situations" strategy must reexamine western development. From now on, the first thing is to develop important areas and then to develop other areas. The second is that we should not purely exploit west resources and should let the west areas utilize their own resources and should form western research-exploitation-processing industrial chain. The third is that we should especially focus on the development of agriculture and education and should solve the problems such as land erosion of peasants, unemployment and lack of guarantee.