农村土地制度改革的经济学考察

研究目的:归纳与论述土地资源的基本属性与功能,凝练土地经济学规律,探讨农村土地制度改革方向与路径。研究方法:归纳与演绎。研究结果:土地具有自然属性、经济属性和公共属性;土地的特殊性决定了土地的功能序位,资源功能是基础,资产功能不能影响生产、生活功能,资本功能不能冲击生产功能;农村土地制度改革的目标是实现市场化配置,但必须防止过度资本化。研究结论:土地的特殊属性决定了土地经济规律的特殊性,决定了土地制度与其他商品经济制度的区别;土地作为总量有限、位置固定、不可再生的自然资源,其经济制度必须遵循土地经济学的规律,遵循产权清晰、规划管制、公平保障的基本规则。

Economic Investigation on Rural Land Institutional Reform

The purpose of this study is to summarize and refine the basic attributes and functions of land resources, to extract the law of land economics, and to explore the direction and path of rural land institutional reform. The research method is the logic analysis approach combined with induction and deduction. The research results indicate that: land has natural characteristics, economic characteristics and public characteristics; the particularity of land determines the function sequence of land, that is, the resource function is the foundation, the function of assets should not affect the function of production and living and the function of capital should not affect the production function.; the goal of rural land institutional reform is to realize the market allocation, but the over-capitalization must be prevented. In conclusion, the special characteristics of land determine the particularity of land economic law as well as the difference between land institution and the other commodity economic institutions; land is a non-renewable natural resource with limited amount and fixed position, thereby its economic institution must follow the law of land economics and the basic rules of clear property rights, planning regulations and fairness guarantee.