基于“多规合一”的海岸带综合管控研究

研究目的:针对当前海岸带规划管理体系庞杂、矛盾不断、资源利用率低的问题,提出构建基于"多规合一"的海岸带综合规划,剖析其内涵、特征和战略定位,并构建相应的框架、技术路径、协调机制与管控策略。研究方法:文献分析和综合分析法。研究结果:当前海岸带综合规划编制存在规划管理体系庞大、事权不清、空间部署差异大和陆海关联度低等问题。编制基于"多规合一"的海岸带综合规划,建立统筹协调的海岸带管理机制,是解决海岸带规划冲突、提高资源利用率的现实需求,也是实现中国海陆统筹战略的现实需求。研究结论:海岸带综合规划是海岸带规划体系中的顶层设计,处于核心地位,在空间上、规划间以及系统间实现统筹,具备战略性、综合性、统一性、适应性和民主性5大基本特征。提出海岸带综合规划总体框架和"多规合一"的技术路径,认为基于既有行政架构的组织机制协调是当前阶段有效的协调机制。保障规划成果落地的重要管控策略包括:确立海岸带综合规划的实施主体、建立健全的监督、反馈与问责机制以及构筑海岸带"多规合一"依法管理体制。

Integrated Control of Coastal Zone based on the Multiple Planning Integration

The coastal zone planning division enables land resource to be the core of the contradiction between supply and demand of resources, and leads to the inefficient use of resource, intensive conflict among the main stakeholders and the increasing environmental pressures. In order to solve these problems, we put forward the program and the specific control strategies regarding the integrated management of coastal zone based on the multiple planning integration. The methods of literature review and comparative analysis are applied. The results show that: at present, there are many practical problems in compilation of coastal zone planning, such as the cross content, the different basis and the large differences in space deployment in planning, the serious division between the land part and marine part of coastal zone, and the planning departments act of their own will that induces the incongruous planning. The paper puts forward the idea of integrated management of coastal zone based on the multiple planning integration. In conclusion, the integrated management of coastal zone should be strategic, comprehensive, unified, adaptive and democratic, as well as requires the top-level design in planning system in coastal zone. The general objective of the planning should be set up in a coordinated manner, a multiple planning integration database and a unified information platform should be established as well as the effective implementation plan should be developed. There are four specific paths to achieve effective control of integrated coastal zone planning. The planning implementation subject should be clarified, the coordinated department planning mechanism should be constructed, the sound supervision should be established, the feedback and accountability mechanism should be set up, and the coastal zone management system should be improved in consistent with the laws.