基于景观生态安全格局的泥石流多发城镇防灾、减灾体系构建--以昆明市东川区为例

通过对泥石流灾害形成原因及对城镇造成危害的调查分析,提出泥石流多发城镇的灾害防御应首先从土地资源的保护和利用以及景观的战略布局着手,在城市避难疏散系统的构建中统筹兼顾各类城市灾害的危害性.采取灾害测报系统及布局、生命线保障系统规划,救灾设施及布局、抗灾防灾工程建设和疏散及避难通道规划等五项工程性措施,通过防灾救灾组织指挥体系建设、救灾队伍建设、灾害应急预案的制定、防灾救灾的宣传教育和灾害政策法规建设等五项非工程性措施的支撑,从根本上达到防灾减灾的目标,构建生态安全的城市.

Establishment of disaster prevention and relief system in the town with mud-rock flow frequently occurring base on landscape ecological security pattern

It is investigated and analyzed that forming cause of calamity in the town with mud-rock flow frequently occurring. One puts forward that, first considers protecting and using of glebe resource landscape strategy, second gives attention to harm of every city calamity in constructing city refuge evacuate system. Five engineering measure is taken, namely the disaster forecast system and layout, the lifeline ensuring system planning, the disaster relief establishment and position, the engineering constructing for fighting and preventing calamities, with the planning for refuge passage. Under support of five non-engineering measure, namely the establishment commanding system for disaster prevention and relief, the establishment procession for disaster relief, the establishment prevision project for meeting an emergency of calamities, the propagating and education for disaster prevention and relief, the constructing on policy and rule of law, it is reaches that the aim for disaster prevention and relief, consequently an ecological safety town is formed.