以基尼系数衡量的教育不平等与中国的实证研究

人力资本结构在经济增长中的作用已为人们所公认,而教育不平等是评价人力资本结构的重要内容。通过计算教育基尼系数得到我国教育不平等的基本状况。我国教育基尼系数从1982—2000年呈减少状态,与平均受教育年限和初中入学率负相关,同时人均GDP水平越高教育基尼系数越小。在整体教育不平等状况改善的情况下,以文盲率体现的性别受教育差异并未得到改善,甚至有扩大的趋向。

The Gini Coefficients of Education : Evidence from China

The role of human capital structure economy growth has been recognized. The education inequality was taken as an important index to evaluate human capital structural. This paper employs the Gini coefficient on education to measure education inequality in China. The preliminary analysis shows that education inequality of China has been declining from 1982 to 2000. The education Gini coefficient is negatively associated with average years of schooling and secondary school enrollment ratio. In addition, the higher per capita GDP is most likely to achieve better education equality than those low per capita GDP, but gender-gap in illiterate ratio gets large.