中国城乡购买力:由失衡走向平衡

近些年中国经济增长面临越来越严峻的需求约束,虽然政府采取一系列启动需求的政策措施,但收效甚微,政策实施效果与预期存在较大差距,其主因在于中国典型的二元经济结构特征决定了城乡居民购买力的差别和特殊性。基于这一视角,提出一个衡量中国城乡购买力平衡与否的标尺,并基于1991—2009年省级面板数据实证分析城乡购买力的现状,结果显示,现阶段中国城乡购买力仍处于失衡状态,同时仍有诸如城乡收入差距、城乡消费方式差异、城乡商贸流通体系等因素制约着城乡购买力从失衡走向均衡。

China's Urban-Rural Purchasing Power: From Imbalance to Balance

In recent years,China’s economic growth is facing more and more severe demand constraints.Although government has adopted a series of measures to start consumption,the effect is very limited and far from expectation.The main reason is that Chinese typical dual economic structure determines the huge difference in purchasing power between urban and rural residents.This paper puts forward a measure to value whether China’s urban-rural purchasing power is balanced or imbalanced,and empirically analyzes the status of urban-rural purchasing power with provincial panel data from 1991 to 2009.Results show that at the present China’s urbanJ-rural purchasing power is still imbalanced.Income gap and differences in consumption pattern between urban and rural residents,as well as urban-rural trade circulation all constrain urban-rural purchasing power from imbalance to balance.