论中美战略竞争

竞争既是国家间主要的互动方式之一,也是国家间关系的一种基本形态,战略竞争则是国家间竞争关系的高级形式。竞争是国际关系的永恒主题,又带有鲜明的时代特点。在21世纪,竞争是国际体系变迁的重要动力机制。中美战略竞争关系滥觞于小布什执政时期、发展于奥巴马总统任期、凸显于特朗普执政后,正在成为21世纪国际政治中的重要现象。中美战略竞争是在中国快速发展与美国试图维持其霸权地位的大背景下产生的,竞争在利益目标上具有重大性、在时间上具有长期性、在范围上具有全面性、在影响上具有全局性。在21世纪的时代条件下,中美战略竞争具有不同于以往大国竞争的特征,竞争的本质是经济实力和社会治理能力之争。竞争的性质和形态将对中美两国关系的未来产生决定性影响,并会在很大程度上推动国际政治经济变化,界定新的历史条件下的大国互动方式,进而塑造21世纪的国际体系。随着战略竞争成为中美互动的重要形式,如何正确认识竞争、开展良性竞争和有效管控竞争是两国共同面对的严峻历史课题。

On Sino-U.S. Strategic Competition

The Sino-U.S.strategic competition,which emerged during the G.W.Bush administration,ascended in the Obama years and came to a full play when Donald Trump rose to power,now stands as a prominent phenomenon in the 21 st century international politics.Unfolding against the backdrop of China’s rapid development and the U.S.attempt to maintain its hegemonic status,the long-term and comprehensive competition involves significant interest goals and threatens to generate fundamental impact.The essence of the competition is social-economic.Taking place under the circumstances of the 21 st century,the Sino-U.S.strategic competition differs from the traditional major power rivalry.Its nature and form will significantly affect the future of Sino-U.S.relations,drive changes in international politics and economy,define major power interactions in the 21 st century,and shape the evolving international system.As strategic competition becomes the primary form of Sino-U.S.interactions,both China and the U.S.are confronted with the task of getting it right,pursuing benign competition and effectively managing the competition.