中国人口老化、退休金缺口与农村养老保障

该文对中国人口老龄化的主要特征与养老金缺口的严重问题进行了概要的分析,并讨论建立农村储备积累式养老保障制度的必要性、紧迫性与可行性.该文认为,我们必须充分利用今后20年左右劳力资源丰富、少儿抚养比下降、老年抚养比仍然较低的"人口红利"机遇,大力发挥我国在劳力密集型产业方面的比较优势,努力建立农村社会养老保障体系,以应对2025年之后人口老龄化高峰期到来的严峻挑战以及扭转出生性别比与女婴死亡率大幅超常偏高的危险倾向.

CHINA'S POPULATION AGING,DEFICIT OF RETIREMENT FUNDS,AND OLD AGE INSURANCE PROGRAM IN RURAL AREAS

This paper analyzes population aging and dficit of retirement funds in China in the first half of 21~ th century. We conclude that it is strategically important to establish old age insurance program in rural areas, because more serious challenges of aging in rural than in urban areas, dangerous trends of raising sex ratio at birth and excess female infant mortality in rural areas, which are, to a large extend, due to peasants'needs to having a son for old age support. China needs to act now while demograph...