基于虚拟水视角的中国城乡居民消费特征分析

以2004—2015年我国各食物产品的虚拟水消费量为基础数据,从虚拟水消费量、消费结构和消费水平地域差异三方面分析我国的虚拟水消费特征。结果表明:农村居民食物产品的人均虚拟水消费总量整体呈下降趋势,城镇居民则相反,且农村居民的动物性食物虚拟水消费量增长幅度大于城镇居民;农村居民的粮食虚拟水消费量高于城镇居民,动物性食物的虚拟水消费量低于城镇居民,但两者之间差距在减小;城镇居民的虚拟水消费相比农村居民更趋多元化,消费水平相对较高;各食物产品的人均虚拟水消费结构存在明显地域差异,不同种类的食物虚拟水消费均存在地域性。

Consumptionpatterns of urban and rural residents in China based on virtual water theory

Based on the virtual water consumption of food products from 2004 to 2015, the characteristics of virtual water consumption in China are analyzed from three aspects: virtual water consumption, consumption structure and regional differences of consumption level. The results show that the per capita virtual water consumption of the rural residents'' food products has a decline trend, while that of the urban residents is the opposite, and the growth rate of the virtual water consumption of animal food is higher than that of the urban residents. The rural residents'' virtual water consumption of food is higher than that of the urban residents, and their virtual water consumption of animal food is lower than that of the urban residents, but the gap between them decreases. The virtual water consumption of the urban residents is more diversified, and the consumption level is relatively higher. The virtual water consumption structure of each food product has obvious regional differences. The virtual water consumption of different kinds of food is of regional property.