谁来支付合作成本?——对乡村建设合作收益与合作成本问题的一般分析

由于农民合作社实现了以较低的内部合作成本对较高的外部交易成本的替代,使得农民通过社区内部多领域的合作,降低了成本,提高了收益,还获得了许多非经济收益,因而农民愿意支付合作成本,将合作社继续办下去。实际上,农民合作社的组织成本相对于外部人对农村资源的利用和价格支付是微乎其微的。只是由于显性收益(经济收益)太小,才导致了对显性成本(已经支付的物质成本)支付的捉襟见肘。而巨大的隐性收益(非经济收益)的获得,在支付隐性成本(机会成本)之余,也抵偿了部分显性成本支付上的不足。继续扩大隐性收益,并努力提高显性收益,才能解决合作社面临的成本支付问题。

Who Should Pay for the Cost of Cooperation?——A General Analysis of the Problem of Constructing Cooperative Earnings in the Countryside and Cooperative Cost

Farmer cooperation makes farmers lower cost,improve earnings and gain many noneconomic benefits because it replaces higher exterior dealing cost with lower interior cooperation cost.Therefore farmers are willing to pay for the cost of cooperation and go on with the cooperation.In fact,compared with the use of rural resources and the price payment of exterior people,the organization cost of farm cooperation is very low.The small apparent earnings lead to the shortage of the payment of apparent cost.The great latent earnings cancel out partly the shortage of the payment of apparent cost besides the payment of latent cost.Only by increasing the latent earnings continuously and making effort to increase apparent earnings can the problem of cost payment that cooperation faces be solved.