产业规模与比较优势发展战略:一个理论框架

本文根据经典的国际贸易理论发现,对于发展中国家,实行自由贸易的结果是两大产业的技术水平都上升,但劳动密集产业的规模扩张,而资本密集产业的规模收缩.因此,主要从产业规模角度、同时结合技术角度的分析,在理论上更为全面,政策上也更具可行性.据此,文章着重在比较优势的框架内探讨了产业规模、就业与技术三者间的相互影响机制,提出了在战略选择上的两个"两难选择",并认为比较优势发展战略能够较好地解决这两个"两难选择".

A Theoretical Framework for Industrial Scale and Development Strategy of Comparative Advantage

Based on classical international trade literature survey,we find that to practice free trade results in higher technological level for both labor intensive and capital intensive industries and in expansion of labor intensive industry and shrinking of capital intensive industry.Thus,such studies conducted focusing industrial scale accompanied with technological perspective can well reflect the change of the strategy of comparative advantage in terms of theory and practice.This paper puts forward two trade-offs that reveal the relationships among industrial scale,technological level,and employment under the framework of comparative advantage,and concludes that the comparative advantage strategy should solve such trade-off issue.