基于低碳理念的旅游规划设计研究——以福建省平潭岛为例

低碳经济自2003年提出以来,在世界范围内得到广泛认同。世界旅游组织（WTO）鼓励各国发展低碳排放的旅游。规划设计中,低碳旅游有别于传统旅游发展模式,其游道安排、景观建筑、能源支持、游客行为引导方面均有所创新。以福建省平潭岛为规划案例,从旅游交通、旅游住宅、旅游活动等方面阐述,说明了低碳旅游规划设计的要点。低碳化的旅游交通要求按照不同交通方式的适宜尺度,尽量使用环保的交通工具;建设低碳排放的旅游住宅;对旅游活动按照碳排放分类,鼓励开展低碳排放的旅游活动。通过这些方式,以期＂低碳＂发展理念在目前的旅游规划设计中得到重视。

Towards Low-carbon Tourism Planning：Case Study in Pingtan Island of Fujian Province

As low-carbon economy was put forward in the year 2003,it has been known for the entire world. Low-carbon research focuses more on energy use,ecology and city planning,less on tourism planning. The World Tourism Organization encourages low-carbon tourism,including building of low-carbon tourism districts. In the planning of low-carbon tourism,there needs new methods and principles for tourists＇ path designing,landscape buildings,energy,and tourist behavior. In this paper,the authors want to display the outline of low-carbon tourism planning,by using the study case of Pingtan Island in Fujian Province. This research aims to the spread of low-carbon concept in tourism science. The carbon emission in tourism industry is from transport,accommodation,eating,drinking and entertainment. They are responsible for the use of electricity,gasoline,gas,and bio-carbon energy. As a result,carbon emission can be cut down by changing traditional transport,accommodation design,eating and drinking style. TOD（Transport Oriented Development） planning mode are applied in Pingtan,by planning bus stations in center of every tourism district,by using bicycles,electro bile and building walk paths in every district. There are also some suggestions for building low-carbon tourism houses： house direction,proportion of window and wall,some details in tourism houses,such as water heaters adopting solar energy and wind energy. A science education park will be built to explain how the wind can be transferred to electricity. There will be a hotel and a museum. Environmental tourism behavior is proposed. The activities in Pingtan are divided into three groups by carbon emission. Golf,marine center,and tourism villas are high-carbon-emission; farm-house restaurants are middle-carbon-emission; some sight-seeing sites are low-carbon-emission. Activities in open space are all proposed because they are hold at night,and less likely to use energy.