信用、信息和交易——当今信用缺失的原因、后果及其治理

本文认为,信用是市场交易的基本要素,是社会经济运行的润滑剂,信用缺失对经济增长和社会发展影响极大。导致信用缺失的原因很多,而信息不对称就是一个难以完全消除的原因。信息不对称所导致的严重后果之一就是加大了实际交易费用,甚至使交易者因惧怕高额交易费用而放弃交易,导致社会福利无从增加。文章提出,为降低信息不对称程度、完善信用市场,必须进行信用主体、社会和政府三方面的信用建设,促进信用主体采取相应的自助与自救措施矫正信息不对称程度,取得互利的信任;加强社会信用信息系统建设,尤其是信息中介机构建设;充分发挥政府在信用建设中的作用,以政府为主导,在各有关部门的积极参与下,促进信用信息系统建设。

Credit,Information and Trading——Causes,Consequences and the Governance of Credit Absence in the Current Situation

Information is the basic conditions of the credit, and credit is the basic elements of market trading. Information asymmetry results in credit absence, and is the objective reason for the adverse selection and the moral hazard. Credit information constructing is beneficial to reduce information asymmetry, and to strengthen signal transfer system. And the author also puts forward other countermeasures that can be used to solve the problem of information asymmetry and improve the credit market.