马克思恩格斯土地所有制理论及其现实意义

土地所有制理论在马克思主义经济学理论体系中具有十分重要的地位。马克思和恩格斯一贯反对土地私有化,他们认为土地私有是荒谬性的、不合理的,因而主张土地公有。实现土地公有化有两种途径,一是对于大地产要收归国有并交由农业工人组成的农业生产合作社经营;二是对农民的小块土地所有制,应采取农民合作社的形式促使其向集体所有制过渡。当前我们应以马克思恩格斯土地所有制理论为指导,继续坚持我国农村土地集体所有制,反对部分学者提出的土地私有化主张;以新型农民合作社为载体继续发展壮大我国农村的集体经济。

Marx and Engels land ownership theory and its realistic meaning

Marx and Engels＂ theory of land ownership plays a very important role in the system of Marxist e- conomic theory. They both believed believed that pri- vate ownership of land is absurd and unreasonable, so they advocated public ownership of land, There are two ways to realize public ownership of land. The first one is to nationalize large land properties and handed over to agricultural production cooperation which consists of agricultural workers. The other way is adopt the farmers＇ cooperation towards small land properties so collective ownership system is facilitated. Currently, we should take the guidance of Marx and Engels＇ land ownership theory, adhering to rural collective land ownership against privatization of land put forward by some scholars, and strengthen collective ownership economy in rural area on the base of a new farmer cooper- ation system.