应收债权的融资策略、会计处理及信息披露

我国资本市场的不断发展和完善,进一步拓宽了企业的融资渠道,利用股票、债券等方式进行融资成为我国企业的一种现实选择。但这些方式对企业高规格、高品质的要求,实际上又把大多数企业拒之门外,融资困难仍是困扰企业生存和发展的大问题。商业信用的普及和市场竞争的加剧,使许多企业拥有大量的应收债权,而重于管理、疏于利用却是持有者的通病,这一问题正日渐被企业所关注,开始利用应收债权开辟新的融资渠道。目前,利用应收债权进行融资的方式主要有质押借款、出售、贴现和置换,这些方式中蕴含着不同的与应收债权有关的风险和报酬的转移形式,进而有不同的会计处理方式和信息披露要求。

Financial Policy, Accounting Treatment and Information Disclosure of Credit Receivable

Constant development and improvement of capital market in our country further widen financing channels of business. It is possible for a business to use stock or bond to finance. However, these financing ways with too many limitations actually make many businesses unable to use them to raise money. Financing difficulty is still a big problem troubling existence and development of businesses. The spread of trade credit and more fierce market contest make large amounts of creditor's rights owned by business, while there is a problem know as paying attention to management of creditor's rights receivable and ignoring to use them, and this problem is gradually being noted by businesses. They begin to use them to explore new financing channels. Currently, the ways to use creditor's rights receivable to finance mainly include mortgage of goods, sale, discount and trading in assets. These financing ways imply different transfer forms of risks and rewards related to creditor's rights payable. Correspondingly, there are different forms of accounting treatment and demands for information disclosure.