WTO的规则形成机制及其改革

规则的形成机制是世界贸易组织运作的基础。目前WTO的规则形成机制没有公正的反映发展中国家对公平制度的要求,具体表现在WTO的决策机制和谈判程序上。公正规则的缺失使权力渗透在WTO规则形成机制中。随着对规则形成机制的越来越关注,WTO也在内部建立起相应的原则和实践。虽然WTO的规则形成机制趋于成熟,但到目前的运作经验证明本质上它仍然是基于权力的。在全球化不可逆转的深入背景下,必须要进一步完善有关协商一致原则的适用程序、提高其透明度,在此基础上建立成熟的谈判执行机构,同时将对发展中国家的技术援助和能力建设制度化。

WTO's regulation forming mechanism and its reform

The formation mechanism of rules is crucial to WTO as it per se is a system of rules, whereas WTO is lack of a comprehensive formation mechanism of rules that is observed in the decision-making process and negotiations. The absence of fair rules leaves room for power’s replacement of rules in the formation pro-cess. With the increasing concern on the formation mechanism of rules, WTO has gradually established relevant principles and practices although they are largely still power-based. In review of the inevitable deepening of globalization, it is necessary to improve the efficiency and transparency of the adoption of WTO’ s consensus, to establish a negotiation executive board on which it bases, and to institutionalize the technical assistance and capacity building to developing countries.