竞争、生产率外溢与东道国的产业发展

跨国公司是如何影响东道国的产业发展的？产品市场和要素市场的竞争会挤出内资企业，然而对内资企业正的生产率外溢将提高生产率、降低生产成本，从而提高利润。本文构建了一个简单的理论模型考察跨国公司的竞争效应和生产率外溢对东道国产业发展的影响。模型推导及数值模拟的结果表明，跨国公司对内资企业正的生产率外溢使竞争效应减弱，负的生产率外溢则使竞争效应增强；跨国公司出口销售更加有利于东道国的产业发展。

Competition, Productivity Spillover, and the Industrial Development in the Host Country

How do the multinationals affect the industrial development in the host country Competition in the product market and in the factor market crowds out the domestic firms, but productivity spillovers from multinationals to domestic firms will boost the productivity, reduce the production cost, and raise the profit of the domestic firms. This paper develops a simple model in which we examine the effect of competition and productivity spillover on the industrial development in the host country. The results of derivation and numerical simulation show that the positive productivity spillover from multinationals will lower the competition effect, but the negative productivity spillover from multinationals will enhance the competition effect. That multinationals sell their products outside the host country market is more beneficial to industrial development in the host country.