“反规划”视角下的湿地旅游规划控制指标体系研究

[目的]为了减少湿地旅游开发中对湿地自然生态系统的干扰和破坏,改变"先破坏,后修复"的传统旅游规划弊端,文章将反规划方法应用于湿地旅游规划中,旨在建立有利于湿地旅游规划可持续发展的控制指标体系。[方法]运用了德尔菲法和层次分析法对湿地旅游生态规划控制指标体系进行筛选和构建,计算指标权重并排序,并据此提出重点控制指标指导湿地旅游规划。[结果]利用上述方法,筛选了生物、水系、生态景观、社会作为湿地旅游反规划控制指标体系准则层并筛选了15个指标层,得到了湿地旅游反规划控制指标权值排序图,并将其应用到湿地旅游功能分区、基础设施建设和产品设计等旅游规划具体环节中去。[结论]本着"优先控制"的原则,对湿地旅游规划中优先控制指标进行了筛选,构建了湿地旅游反规划控制指标体系,反规划方法应用于湿地旅游规划中,既利于维护湿地自然生态系统安全,又是对湿地旅游规划方法途径的创新,也是对反规划方法的应用范围的拓展。

RESEARCH ON THE CONTROL INDEX SYSTEMN OF WETLAND TOURISM PLANNING BASED ON ANTI PLANNING METHOD

In order to reduce the interference and damage to natural wetland ecosystems in the process of tourism development in wetlands, and to break the model "repair after damage" of traditional tourism planning, anti planning is applied to wetland tourism planning in this study aiming at establishing a control index system for the sustainable development of wetland tourism planning. The Delphi method and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to select and build the control index system of wetland eco tourism planning and to calculate and sequence the index weight and then a key control indexes were proposed to guide the planning of wetland tourism. Using the above methods, the biological, water system, ecological landscape and society were selected as the criteria layer of the wetland tourism anti planning control index system and 15 index layers were screened. The weight ordination graph of the wetland tourism anti planning control index was obtained. This graph then was applied to specific links of tourism planning, such as wetland tourism functional subareas, infrastructure construction, and product design. Based on the principle of "priority control", this study screened the priority control indicators in wetland tourism planning, and constructed a control index system of wetland tourism Anti planning control. The application of anti planning to wetland tourism planning is not only conducive to maintaining the safety of wetland natural ecosystems, but also an innovation of wetland tourism planning methods and approaches, as well as an expansion of the application scope of the anti planning method.