基于GIS的建设用地适宜性和后备资源潜力评价

为协调生态环境保护与经济社会发展的关系，促进土地资源可持续利用，以都匀市2010年和2020年两期遥感影像作为数据源，经遥感影像解译生成两期土地利用数据，从自然环境和社会经济因素选定评价因子，构建建设用地适宜性评价指标体系，运用斑块生成土地利用模拟（PLUS）模型确定指标权重，利用地理信息系统（GIS）空间分析对建设用地适宜性和后备资源潜力进行评价研究。结果表明：适宜区、较适宜区、一般适宜区、欠适宜区和不适宜区分别占研究区土地总面积5.84%、15.76%、24.09 %、28.89 %、25.43%，适宜性等级以不适宜区为主；在空间分布上，适宜区分布在老城区中心区、匀东经济开发区中心区、甘塘工业园区的中心区和各乡镇的政府驻地，欠适宜区和不适宜区分布在高程较高、坡度较大，林地、草地集中分布的山区；后备适宜建设用地面积为61982.1 hm2，适宜区、较适宜区、一般适宜区分别占后备适宜建设用地面积10.34%、34.6%、55.04%；适宜区规模最小，是城市未来发展的主要方向；建设用地适宜性等级的空间分布与研究区2020年土地利用现状实际分布相符，对区域的规划建设用地工作具有参考意义。

Evaluation of Construction Land Suitability and Reserve Resource Potential Based on GIS

In order to coordinate the relationship between ecological environment protection and economic and social development, and to promote the sustainable use of land resources.the land use in 2010 and 2020 is taken as data from the natural environment and social and economic factors to select the evaluation factor. Construction land suitability evaluation index system is built, the patch-generating land use simulation（PLUS）model is used to determine the index weight. Geographic information system(GIS) space analysis is conducted to evaluate the suitability of construction land and reserve resources potential.The results show that suitable area, more suitable area, generally suitable area and unsuitable area account for 5.84%, 15.76%, 24.09%, 28.89% and 25.43% of the total land area in the study area, respectively, and the suitability grade is mainly unsuitable area.In terms of spatial distribution, the suitable areas are distributed in the central area of the old city, the central area of Yundong Economic Development Zone, the central area of Gantang Industrial Park and the government stations of various towns. The unsuitable areas and unsuitable areas are distributed in the mountainous areas with high elevation and large slope, which are the concentrated distribution of woodland and grassland.The area of reserve suitable construction land is 61 982.1 hectares, with suitable area accounting for 10.34%, 34.6% and 55.04% of reserve suitable construction land respectively; the smallest suitable area is the main direction of the future urban development.The spatial distribution of the suitability level of construction land is consistent with the actual distribution of the land use status in the research area in 2020, which has reference significance for the regional planning of construction land.